Noel Edward Noel-Buxton, 1st Baron Noel-Buxton, was born on January 9, 1869, in London, England.

He was a British Liberal and later Labour politician. He was educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge (1886-1889). In 1896, he acted as Aide-de-Camp to his father while he was Governor of South Australia. He served on the Whitechapel Board of Guardians and Central Unemployment Body and was a Member of the Home Office Departmental Committee on Lead Poisoning. Buxton stood unsuccessfully for Ipswich in 1900. He was elected as Liberal Member of Parliament for Whitby in 1905, a seat he held until 1906. He joined the Labour Party in 1919, and, in 1922, he successfully contested his Norfolk North seat as a Labour candidate and continued to represent the constituency until 1930. When Labour Party came to power, he served as Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries (1924, 1929-1930). ln 1930, he was raised to the peerage as Baron Noel-Buxton, of Aylsham in the County of Norfolk. He was president of the Save the Children Fund (1930-1948), the Miners' Welfare Committee (1931-1934) and agitated for the worldwide abolition of slavery. Buxton was Chairman of the Balkan War Relief Committee (1902-1945). He was the author of several books, e.g., "Europe and the Turks" (1907), "With the Bulgarian Staff" (1913), and "Travels and Reflections" (1929).

In 1914, he married Lucy Edith Pelham-Burn (1888–1960). He died on September 12, 1948, in London, England.